Are There Factors Predictive of Postoperative Complications in Circumferential Contouring of the Lower Trunk? A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background The massive weight loss patient may require a circumferential contouring of the lower trunk. Objectives To summarize the complication rates and explore the possibility of predictive risk factors for complications. Methods We performed a systematic review using the PubMed and Cochrane databases to identify published articles on the topic. Random effects meta-analyses and meta-regression were conducted to synthesize the data gathered. Results The analysis included 28 studies and 1380 patients. All but one were retrospective cohorts or case studies. Circumferential contouring of the lower trunk resulted in 37% [95%-CI 30%; 44%] overall complications; 17% [95%-CI 12%; 24%] wound dehiscences; 4% [95%-CI 3%; 5%] skin necrosis; 5% [95%-CI 3%; 9%] infections; 3% [95%-CI 2%; 4%] hematomas; 13% [95%-CI 9%; 18%] seromas; 12% [95%-CI 7%; 21%] scar irregularities; 3% [95%-CI 2%; 5%] thromboembolism; and 5% [95%-CI 3%; 8%] revisions for complications. Lower body lift-related techniques were associated with a higher rate of overall complications than belt lipectomy-related techniques (P =. 002). No difference in complication rate was shown when performing a gluteal augmentation with flap. Due to insufficient data reported in the studies, risk factors for postoperative complications could not be assessed. Conclusions The whole literature provides very low reliable information. Confusion factors could not be ruled out to explain the increased complications rate for the lower body lift compared to the belt lipectomy. This finding needs to be confirmed in randomized trials. Collaborative efforts must be made to improve the evidence level of our practices and to serve patients in an optimal way.