Young people’s views and lived experiences of physical activity interventions aimed at improving their mental health: a systematic literature review

Abstract

Rates of mental illness, particularly for children and young people, have escalated in recent years, with nearly 15% of 10 to 19-year olds reporting that they have poor mental health. There is evidence that physical activity can improve the mental health of some children and young people. This systematic literature review explores empirical research to investigate the lived experiences and views of young people aged between 13 and 24 years old who have participated in a physical activity intervention aimed at improving their mental health. A systematic search of the databases PsycINFO, Medline, ProQuest Dissertation and Web of Science took place and retrieved 10 studies published between 2014 and 2024. A thematic synthesis approach was used to explore and evaluate the data. Five descriptive themes were identified: a fun, safe space where I am accepted, they coach you in a good way, you stand a bit taller, cycles and ripples of change and when it does not work. This research indicates that while physical activity is important, young people also found that the therapeutic approach within the interventions provided support to improve their mental health. The descriptive themes are discussed in relation to therapeutic approaches, Rogerian principles and self-determination theory. Limitations as well as suggestions for policy, practice and future research are detailed.