Flat-panel detector CT to assess intracranial hemorrhage immediately following mechanical thrombectomy

Abstract

Background and Purpose: The risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) approaches 5% despite mechanical thrombectomy (MT) efficacy for ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion. Flat-panel detector CT (FDCT) imaging with Syngo Dyna CT imaging (Siemens Medical Solutions, Malvern, PA) can be used immediately following MT to detect ICH. Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of FDCT imaging with Dyna CT compared to conventional post-MT CT and MRI. Methods: Head FDCT (20 second, 70 kV) was performed immediately following MT on 26 consecutive patients; postprocedural CT or MRI was obtained ∼24 hours later. Two blinded, independent neuroradiologists evaluated all imaging, identifying ICH, stroke, and presence of subarachnoid contrast. Cohen's κ statistic was used to assess interrater agreement for each imaging outcome and compared the FDCT to conventional imaging. Results: FDCT for ICH demonstrated a strong degree of interrater reliability (κ = 0.896; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.734-1.057). Negligible reliability was seen for ischemia determination on immediate post-MT FDCT (κ = 0.149; 95% CI, –0.243 to 0.541). ICH evaluation between FDCT and post-MT conventional CT revealed modest interrater reliability (κ = 0.432; 95% CI, –0.100 to 0.965), which did not reach statistical significance. There was no substantive reliability in the evaluation of ICH between FDCT and post-MT MRI (κ = 0.118, 95% CI, –0.345 to 0.580). Conclusion: FDCT, such as Dyna CT, immediately post-MT is a promising tool that can expedite the detection of ICH with a high degree of reliability, although the detection of ischemic parenchymal changes is limited.