A Tongue-Computer Tactile Interface Mediated by the Magnetoelectric-Driven Tribovoltaic Sensors

Abstract

Current human-computer interaction (HCI) technologies often suffer from wearing discomfort, noise sensitivity, user fatigue, and privacy concerns, particularly for users with physical disabilities or those requiring high-precision control. In this study, we address the aforementioned challenges by designing an interactive tongue-computer interface (ITCI) that enables precise, hands-free interaction through subtle tongue movements. The ITCI utilizes an array of direct current tribovoltaic tactile sensors enhanced by the magnetoelectric effect, achieving a peak current density of 10.72 A m−2, a charge density of 718 mC m−2, and a sensitivity of 90 µA N−1. integration with a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network yields a recognition accuracy of 99.98%, supporting diverse interactive applications, including smart wheelchair control, robotic manipulation, and immersive gaming. This self-powered, noninvasive interface enhances user autonomy and privacy, offering a robust platform for intelligent, energy-efficient, and hands-free human–machine interaction.