The Effectiveness of E-CALLISTO System in Predicting Geomagnetic Disturbance

Abstract

This study focuses on analyzation of solar radio burst (SRB) data obtained by e-CALLISTO system in order to predict the occurrence of geomagnetic storm. E-CALLISTO is a global network of solar spectrometer that continually generates the observed radio signals in a form of spectrographs. Previous studies have strongly proved that the source of geomagnetic disturbance turned out to be type IV SRB which can be detected by CALLISTO instrument. Therefore, we selected 4 stations located at different locations to study the effectiveness and consistency of this system in detecting type IV bursts associated to solar storm during solar maximum. The data chosen was on 10th September 2014 where type IV bursts were formed at 1727 UT until 1745 UT within a frequency range of 135MHz to 390MHz. Accompanying the bursts was a halo CME prior to the bursts’ formation and an X1.6 flare was registered. From the results obtained by all stations, the pattern of the bursts depicts the same characteristic as theory says, by which, they emit a broadband continuum in a zebra pattern with varying fine structures. The formation of the bursts is due to magnetic reconnection and disruption of magnetic loops during large flares on Sept. 10th. As a consequence to type IV bursts associated to a vigorous CME, a major G2 storm was reported by NOAA a couple of days later. The presented results have shown a parallel correlation between type IV bursts detected by those 4 stations and the commencement of geomagnetic disturbance which took place 2 days afterwards.