The prevalence of mental health problems in adults with intellectual disabilities in Japan, associated factors and mental health service use

Abstract

Background: People with intellectual disabilities are more likely than people in the general population to experience life events associated with an increased risk of mental health problems. However, there has been little research in Japan on the prevalence of mental health problems in adults with intellectual disability (ID) or on associated factors and access to relevant services. Methods: Informants completed the Japanese version of the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disabilities Checklist, and questions on the use of mental health services, for 126 adults with ID living in Tokyo. Results: A total of 23.8% of adults with ID had scores above the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disabilities Checklist threshold score. Mental health problems were associated with age, gender and life events and not associated with the level of ID or living environment. Approximately 60% of participants with mental health problems were treated by psychiatrists and 6% of them received psychotherapy. Conclusion: In the present study, mental health problems occurred in adults with ID at similar frequencies as in previous studies. Adults with ID who experienced mental health problems tended to receive less psychological therapy than the general Japanese population experiencing such problems. This result may indicate poor provision of psychological services for people with intellectual disabilities in Japan.