Probing the indistinguishability of single photons generated by Rydberg atomic ensembles

Abstract

We investigate the indistinguishability of single photons retrieved from collective Rydberg excitations in cold atomic ensembles. The Rydberg spin waves are created either by off-resonant two-photon excitation to the Rydberg state or by Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency. To assess the indistinguishability of the generated single photons, we perform Hong-Ou-Mandel experiments between the single photons and weak coherent states of light. We analyze the indistinguishability as a function of the detection window, and we infer a high value of indistinguishability going from for the full waveform to for small detection windows, for the case of photons generated by off-resonant excitation. In the same way, we also investigate the indistinguishability of single photons generated by Rydberg EIT, showing values lower than those corresponding to single photons generated by off-resonant excitation. These results are relevant for the use of Rydberg atoms as quantum network nodes.