STATUS KONSERVASI MAMALIA DAN BURUNG DI TAMAN NASIONAL MERBABU

Abstract

Merbabu National Park is one of the networking conservation site members in Central Java, which conserves mammals and aves species. This research was aimed at investigating mammal and aves habitats potencies and conservation status of the species. Observation was conducted in some transects, i.e. mountain-tracking trail and some habitat types using purposive random sampling method. The results showed that the park encompasses various habitats of forests: (1) natural forest; (2) plantation forest of pine, acacia, and puspa; (3) and some blocks of post-fire forest. The diversity of vegetation species in these habitats was low with diversity index (H') between 0.46-0.59. This condition affected the diversity of mammal and aves species of only 10 species and 45 species, respectively found in the survey areas. One of the important species recorded, clouded leopard (Panthera pardus melas, Linnaeus), was listed as a endangered species according to the Red Data Book of IUCN and Appendix I CITES, is. While the highest biodiversity and equitability of aves were found in natural forest (' = 1.3833 and E = 0.4475), some species of insectivore aves were found in high population, such as Zosterops montanus (29 individuals per ha), Collocalia linchii (27 individual per ha), and Collocalia esculenta (22 individual per ha). According to conservation and endemicity status, 60% of the mammals was protected by Governmental Decree No. 7/1999 and 50% protected by IUCN Red Data Book. Conservation status of bird species showed that only eight species protected by Governmental Decree No. 7/1999, and one species listed in Appendix CITES. Our study suggested many species of mammals and aves living in the park have a high conservation status which further necessitate action to plan zonation of the park as core zone or sanctuary zone.