The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Adherence to Taking Medication in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at the Same Community Health Center Timor-Leste

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious disease that is still a global health problem. The success of its treatment is highly dependent on patient compliance in taking medication, but non-compliance still often occurs, risking therapy failure. One factor that influences compliance is patient self-efficacy in completing treatment. This study aims to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and medication compliance in pulmonary TB patients at the Same Health Center. Method: This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach in 34 pulmonary TB patients at the Same Health Center who were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through a self-efficacy questionnaire and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) to assess medication compliance. Analysis was carried out using the Spearman Rank correlation test. This study has received ethical approval number 14 / EC-LPPM / UWHS / II-2025. Results: there is a significant relationship between self-efficacy and medication compliance in pulmonary TB patients with a result of 0.000 (≤ 0.05). Patients with high levels of self-efficacy tend to be more compliant in undergoing drug therapy than patients with low self-efficacy. Conclusion: Self-efficacy has a significant relationship with medication adherence in pulmonary TB patients. Therefore, interventions aimed at improving patient self-efficacy need to be implemented in pulmonary TB management strategies to improve the success of therapy.