Effect of Magnesium Sulphate Added to Mepivacaine Hydrochloride on Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Success in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis in Mandibular Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Aim: The aim was to assess the success of inferior alveolar nerve block when adding magnesium sulphate to mepivacaine HCl in comparison to mepivacaine HCl alone in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars. Subjects and methods: Patients diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were assigned randomly into 2 groups (n=24). Initial pain data were diagnosed with cold spray and collected on a numerical rating scale chart. Both groups received 1.8 ml of local anaesthetic solution as a standard inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). In the control group, the local anaesthetic solution contained 1.8% mepivacaine HCl while in the experimental group contained 1% magnesium sulphate and 1.8% mepivacaine HCl. Pain was assessed 15 minutes after injection using cold spray, during access and canal negotiation. Success of local anaesthesia was defined as recording no or mild pain. Results: The success of IANB was 70.8% for the magnesium sulphate group compared to 50% in the control group. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of mepivacaine– magnesium sulphate achieved a higher success rate for IANB than that of mepivacaine alone, but there was no significant difference between both groups.