Sensor Selection for Optimal Target localization with 3-D Angle of Arrival Estimation in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

This paper investigates a sensor selection scheme for optimal target localization with three-dimensional (3-D) Angle of Arrival (AOA) estimation in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN). Specifically, we present a new 3-D AOA-based localization measurement model, which considers correlated noises and Gaussian priors. The trace of Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the 3-D AOA measurement model is derived by introducing a special vector to denote the selected sensors with the azimuth and elevation angle measurements. Based on the presenting expressions of the CRLB, we formulate the sensor selection problem as an optimization problem, which has been transformed into the semidefinite problem program by convex relaxation, and a randomization method is adopted to improve the quality of the SDP solution. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed method receives better estimation performance over the reference methods and approaches the exhaustive search method.