Focal changes in brain energy and phospholipid metabolism in first-episode schizophrenia

Abstract

Background Membrane phospholipid and high-energy abnormalities measured with phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (³¹P-MRS) have been reported in patients with schizophrenia in several brain regions. Aims Using improved imaging techniques, previously inaccessible brain regions were examined in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and healthy volunteers with 4.0 T ³¹P-MRS. Method Brain spectra were collected in vivo from 15 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 15 healthy volunteers from 15 cm³ effective voxels in the thalamus, cerebellum, hippocampus, anterior/posterior cingulate, prefrontal cortex and parieto-occipital cortex. Results People with first-episode schizophrenia showed increased levels of glycerophosphocholine in the anterior cingulate. Inorganic phosphate, phosphocreatine and adenosine triphosphate concentrations were also increased in the anterior cingulate in this group. Conclusions The increased phosphodiester and high-energy phosphate levels in the anterior cingulate of brains of people with first-episode schizophrenia may indicate neural overactivity in this region during the early stages of the illness, resulting in increased excitotoxic neural membrane breakdown. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)