Detection of bisphenol a contamination in canned carbonated beverages by gas chromatography

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop sensitive, selective, and valid methods for the detection of bisphenol A (BPA) contamination in beverage samples using gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization. Methods: The optimized analysis system employed a long HP-1 capillary column (30 m, inner diameter 0.25 mm, film thickness 0.25 µm), gradient column temperature (150°C-260°C at 10°C/min), and nitrogen as a carrier gas (1 mL/min). Samples were prepared for analysis using ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent. Results: This method yielded a linearity coefficient of 0.9998, while the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.287 µg/mL and 0.956 µg/mL, respectively. All validation parameters, including linearity, selectivity, accuracy, precision, LOD, and LOQ, meet recognized acceptability criteria. Contamination analysis showed that one of the three beverage brands tested contained 2.4090 µg/mL BPA, and contamination was even higher after heating. Conclusion: BPA contamination may occur in canned beverages, especially under improper storage conditions. This GC-based BPA detection system may be useful for the detection of BPA contamination in consumer beverages.