Evaluation of the Relationship Between Quality of Life, Serum 25 (OH) Vitamin D Levels, and Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Aim: Recent data have highlighted the association between serum vitamin D deficiency and gastrointestinal system diseases and the effect of vitamin D on intestinal functions. Our study assesses the relationship between IBS disease and quality of life, depression, anxiety, and serum vitamin D levels. Methods: The study was conducted between January 1st, 2020, and April 30th, 2020. The study data were collected from patient files and the hospital’s digital file system. A total of 142 patients with IBS and 142 patients from non-IBS control groups were enrolled in this study. ROMA IV criteria were used to diagnose IBS. Accordingly, the SF-36 quality of life scale score, serum vitamin D levels, the Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS), the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and the participants’ scores were evaluated. Results: The univariate analysis showed that marital status, body mass index, smoking status, glomerular filtration rate, serum albumin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were not associated with disease risk. A higher level of education, a low serum vitamin D level, a decrease in physical component scale and mental component scale scores, and increasing BAI and HDRS scores increased the disease risk (p=0.003, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.008, p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). Conclusion: We propose that a high education level, low serum vitamin D, and an increase in BAI and HDRS scores may be independent risk factors for IBS.