The role of synthetic biomaterials in resorptive alveolar bone regeneration

Abstract

The alveolar bone tissue resorption defect has a significant role in dentistry. Because of the bone tissue deficit developed by alveolar resorption, the use of synthetic material CP/PLGA (calcium-phosphate/polylactide-co-gliycolide) composite was introduced. Investigations were performed on rats with artificially produced resorption of the mandibular bone. The results show that the best effect on alveolar bone were attained by using nano-composite implants. The effect of the nanocomposite was ascertained by determining the calcium and phosphate content, as a basis of the hydroxyapatite structure. The results show that synthetic CP/PLGA nanocomposite alleviate the rehabilitation of weakened alveolar bone. Due to its osteoconductive effect, CP/PLGA can be the material of choice for bone substitution in the future.Gubitak kostanog tkiva, usled resorpcije vilicnih kostiju, ima znacajno mesto u stomatologiji. U cilju resavanja problema deficita kostanog tkiva nastalih resorpcijom alveolarne kosti pristupilo se primeni sintetickih materijala na bazi CP/PLGA (kalcijum-fosfat/polilaktid-co-glikolid) kompozita. Istrazivanja su radena na pacovima kod kojih je arteficijelno izazivana resorpcija vilicnih kostiju. Rezultati su pokazali da se najbolji efekat regeneracije alveolarne kosti postizu implantacijom nanokompozita. Efekat nanokompozita pracenje odredjivanjem sadrzaja kalcijuma i fosfata, kao osnova kristalne resetke hidroksiapatita. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da sinteticki CP/PLGA nanokompozit olaksava rehabilitaciju oslabljene alveolarne kosti, pa zahvaljujuci svom osteokonduktivnom efektu moze u buducnosti biti materijal izbora u zameni kostanog tkiva.