Study of a humanized inhibitory anti-platelet glycoprotein VI phage antibody from a phage antibody library

Abstract

Objective The aims of the study were to study the effect of anti-platelet glycoprotein (GP) VI auto-antibodies on platelet aggregation and use phage surface display technology to produce anti-platelet GPVI phage antibody fragment, which may be developed to inhibit platelet aggregation in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Methods Plasma samples from patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) were screened by monoclonal antibody immobilization of the platelet antigen assay and the platelet aggregation test for anti-platelet GPVI auto-antibody with an inhibitory effect. The humanized anti-platelet GPVI phage antibody was produced by phage surface display technology. The function of the phage antibody fragment against platelet aggregation was examined by the platelet aggregation test. Results Of 726 ITP patients, 2 (0.27%) patients' plasma significantly inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen-1. After five rounds of selection, enrichment, and purification, a soluble phage antibody fragment was produced, which can inhibit platelet aggregation induced by collagen-1. The results demonstrate that only a few of the screened anti-platelet GPVI auto-antibodies showed an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. Discussion A completely humanized anti-GPVI soluble phage antibody can be produced by phage surface display technology. The antibody was able to specifically block collagen-induced platelet aggregation without influencing the aggregation responses to other agonists. Conclusions Results of the present study suggest that very few anti-platelet GPVI auto-antibodies inhibit the aggregation function of platelet. The humanized anti-platelet GPVI produced by phage surface display technology is promising to be used to inhibit platelet aggregation in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.