Asymptomatic coronary artery disease: Angiographic assessment of diabetics evaluated for renal transplantation

Abstract

Twenty-one insulin-dependent diabetics with azotemic nephropathy were evaluated for renal transplantation by selective coronary angiography and cine left ventriculography. All had hypertension retinopathy, neuropathy, and required salt restriction plus diuretics for volume overload. There was no clinical or electrocardiographic evidence of ischemic coronary artery disease in twenty. Ten patients (five males, five females, mean age 29.3 years; mean duration of diabetes 18.9 years; mean serum cholesterol 264 mg%) had no significant coronary artery disease and no ventricular wall motion abnormalities. Nine patients (seven males, two females; mean age 38.7 years; mean duration of diabetes 21.9 years; mean serum cholesterol (239 mg%) had significant coronary artery disease, seven demonstrating focal abnormalities in left ventricular wall motion. Two patients (one male, one female; mean age 36.5 years; mean duration of diabetes 28.5 years; mean serum cholesterol 250 mg%) had no significant coronary artery disease, but demonstrated diffusely abnormal left ventricular wall motion with diminished ejection fraction. Thirty-eight percent had significant coronary artery disease unpredictable by electrocardiographic or clinical data. The finding of no significant coronary artery disease in 52% of a group with severe renal-hypertensive complications of diabetes is surprising. Two patients may have a demonstrated cardiomyopathy.