Outcomes of bariatric surgery: Patients with body mass index 60 or greater

Abstract

Introduction: Perioperative outcomes of bariatric surgery in patients with super super obesity (SSO) (BMI ≥ 60 kg/m2) merit further investigation. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients with SSO who underwent surgery from Jun 2005 through Jun 2018 at a Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence. Quantitative demographic data was summarized using descriptive statistics; categorical varia-bles were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Results: Two hundred fourteen procedures were per-formed, of which 208 were eligible for inclusion. Majority were female (65.4%). The mean age and BMI was 43 (17–68 years) and 65.9 kg/m2 (60 95 kg/m2), respectively. Comorbidities included: obstructive sleep apnea (74%), hypertension (59%), gastro-esophageal reflux disease (43%), osteoarthritis (41%), and diabetes mellitus (30%). Surgical approach: 97 Roux-en-Y gastric bypasses (46%), 88 laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomies (42%), and 23 adjustable gastric bands (11%). Additional subset included: primary (87%), conversion (7.7%), and revision (5.3%); majority being laparoscopic (75%) and robotic (24%). Complications via Clavien-Dindo classification: one Grade I, one Grade II, three Grade IIIa, three Grade IIIb, and three Grade IVa. Thirty-day events: 11 complications (5.3%; one leak [0.5%], one deep vein thrombosis [0.5%]), six re-admissions (3%), four re-operations (2%): repair of staple-line leak, repair of incisional hernia, uterine dila-tion and curettage, and cholecystectomy. No mortalities occurred. Complications occurred in 14.8% of conver-sion/revision cases, 3.9% in primary cases (p = 0.0395) with no difference observed between laparoscopic (4.5%) and robotic (6.1%) modalities (p = 0.7051). Conclusion: Bariatric surgery is feasible in patients with SSO. Revision procedures may increase risk of operative complications.