HOTS-Oriented e-Project-Based Learning: Improving 4C Skills and Science Learning Outcome of Elementary School Students

Abstract

Overcoming elementary students learning loss during the pandemic Covid-19 through implementing an online project-based learning model has been taken into account. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the high-order thinking skills oriented online project-based learning (HOTS-oriented E-PjBL) tools for improving 4C skills and science learning outcomes of fourth-grade elementary students. A quasi-experimental design with a post-test control group design was implemented. The samples were 301 pupils consisting of 149 experimental class students and 152 in the control group. The learning outcome data were collected through an essay-type test. The observation sheet was used to measure 4C’s skills. The data were analyzed by using the inferential statistical analysis of MANOVA. The results showed an effect of the HOTS-oriented E-PjBL tools on improving 4C skills and science learning outcomes simultaneously and partially. Another finding was that the HOTS-oriented E-PjBL tools affected 21st-century skills more than the science learning outcomes. Thus, HOTS-oriented E-PjBL is recommended to improve students’ 4C skills and science learning outcomes in elementary schools.