Factors of medication adherence among adult patients with tuberculosis: A literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Medication adherence is a critical factor in the success of tuberculosis (TB) therapy. Many factors are related to TB medication adherence among TB patients in clinical and community services. This study aimed to identify the factors of TB medication adherence based on the Social-Ecological Model. M ethods: A literature review was carried out for this study. Articles published between 2016 and 2021 in three databases were included in this study. This study only targeted TB patients and assessed the determinants or factors related to tuberculosis medication adherence. Data were extracted using the Social-Ecological Model factors consisting of four levels: individual, relationship, community, and societal. A total of 17 articles were enrolled in this review. Results: The results of the studies found that the determinants to improve medication adherence include four-level factors, including individual, relationship,community,andsocietalfactors,todesign the medication adherence program for tuberculosis patients. Conclusion: Multiple and holistic factors influence TB medication adherence. It is crucial to assist TB patients in overcoming the barriers that can prevent patients from adhering to treatment.