Mental health outcomes in bariatric surgery patients in Saudi Arabia: A scoping review

Abstract

This review focuses on the outcomes of post-bariatric surgery mental health among Saudi patients. Due to the high rates of obesity in Saudi Arabia, bariatric surgery has become a popular option for improving one's physical health; however, the psychological outcomes remain ambiguous. A systematic search of international databases (Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, ScopusArabPsyNet, and Almandumah) found 17 studies (n = 5,155) that had been published during the last 15 years. Most studies employed a cross-sectional design, while the remaining studies employed retrospective and comparative designs. Overall, the findings of the identified studies reported improvements in patient self-esteem, quality of life (QoL), and physical health following surgery; however, many patients experienced psychological impacts, including depression, anxiety, and disordered eating tendencies. Furthermore, variable outcomes were noted, which may be attributed to existing mental health conditions, socio-cultural aspects, and time since surgery. In summary, bariatric surgery resulted in significant physical and psychosocial treatment benefits; however, some patients reported experiencing short-term mental health issues, which is particularly relevant for patient monitoring, the treatment of mental health needs, and the provision of culturally specific support.