Cercomacra and related antbirds (Aves, Formicariidae) as army ant followers

Abstract

Cercomacra and Schistocichla antbirds (Formicariidae) favor dense foliage and seldom follow army ants for flushed prey, since the ants move through open forest understory as well as through dense zones. Two other lineages, the Drymophila-Hypocnemis lineage (of dense woodland understory) and the Formicivora lineage (of dense bushes in dry or semiopen zones), also cannot follow ants regularly through open forest understory.