Beam steering based on coordinate transformation of Fermat spiral configurations

Abstract

A two-dimensional transformational electromagnetic (T-E) device formed by configuring a circular disc with a Fermat spiral is realized. By tuning the phase of the emanating wave in the T-E medium, antenna switching and beam steering are made possible. To simplify the permittivity and permeability tensors of the proposed T-E device, a gradient index approach is employed using purely dielectric material, which is then realized using photonic crystals. The results are verified numerically using full wave simulations.