Economic cost and technical efficiency analysis of thermal management of a triple pack of lithium-ion battery with forced airflow and nano-phase change materials

Abstract

In this paper, the thermal management (THMA) of a lithium-ion battery pack (BPA) and economic analysis of the cost of cooling electricity consumption are studied numerically. The BPA contains 23 cylindrical batteries in such a way phase change material (PCM) surrounds the batteries. Finally, 7 different models are employed by changing the angle of the vanes from 0 to 5° in the period of 0–25 min and BPA temperature, as well as the amount of molten PCM and outlet temperature, are studied. Economic analysis is done for three European countries at 5 Reynolds numbers. The use of guide vanes with an angle of 1° creates the lowest maximum temperature (TM) and the average temperature (TAV) of the BPA, especially at times above 15 min. The airflow guide vanes with angles of 1 and 4° causing the lowest and highest air temperatures at the outlet in more than 20 min. Also, the vanes with an angle of 1° create the maximum amount of solid PCM. Economic studies also show that the lowest and highest power consumption for PCM charging occurs at the Reynolds numbers of 300 and 500, respectively.