Isolation and identification of phosphate-solubilizing Bacillus sonorensis GG2 from a mangrove ecosystem in Sundarban and its stimulating effect on green chili plant (Capsicum frutescens L.) growth

Abstract

Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) play a crucial role in enhancing soil fertility and plant growth by converting insoluble phosphates into forms accessible to plants. This study focused on isolating and identifying a phosphate-solubilizing bacterium, Bacillus sonorensis GG2, from the mangrove ecosystems of Sundarban. Through a series of microbiological and molecular techniques, B. sonorensis GG2 was identified and characterized for its phosphate solubilization potential. The isolate exhibited significant phosphate solubilization activity, which was quantified through in vitro assays. The bacterium was applied to green chili plants (Capsicum frutescens L.) under controlled conditions to evaluate its practical applicability. The results revealed a marked improvement in plant growth parameters, including root and shoot length, biomass, and overall plant health. In this study, two months of treatment of the green chilli plants with B. sonorensis GG2 positively affected the growth of the roots and shoot lengths compared with the control by 9.8% and 10.9%, respectively. This study highlights the potential of B. sonorensis GG2 as a biofertilizer, particularly in phosphate-deficient soils, and its role in sustainable agricultural practices.