Green synthesis of Fe3O4nanoparticles based on biosurfactant Saccharum officinarum extract

Abstract

In this study, we report green synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles based on biosurfactant Saccharum officinarum extract using sonochemical method. The phase purity of the sample was characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Based on the XRD characterization, the addition of biosurfactant S. officinarum did not alter the inverse spinel cubic of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Quantitatively, the crystallite size was calculated using the Debye-Scherrer equation, resulted crystallite size of 11 nm. The functional groups of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles based on the biosurfactant S. officinarum were also investigated through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) characterization. Based on the FTIR data analysis, the presence of Fe3O4 was indicated by the presence of Fe-O bonds at 573 cm-1. Other bonds such as O-H that showed the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds from cellulose and S. officinarum were also found at wavenumbers of 3280-3533 cm-1. Furthermore, the presence of the surfactant S. officinarum extract was also found at a wavenumber of 1054 cm-1. It represented the presence of C-O-C bonds from the glycosidic ether band. Therefore, it can be inferred that the utilization of biosurfactant S. officinarum extract has been successfully carried out in the synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles.