Cytotoxic effect proteins hydrolysates from wheat germ on human lung carcinoma A549 cell lines in XTT assay

Abstract

Since cancer treatment has been done through chemotherapy and various drugs that are accompanied with severe side effects in addition to therapeutic properties, nowadays scientists are investigating anticancer therapies using natural compounds such as hydrolyzed proteins and bioactive peptides. In this study, for the first time, hydrolyzed proteins obtained from Pepsin, Proteinase K and Alcalase enzymes were used to examine their cytotoxic effect on human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549). Human lung carcinoma A549 cell lines were grown in 90% RPMI medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% Penstrep. Different concentrations of hydrolysates during times of 24, 48 and 72 h were affected by A549 cell lines via XTT assay. Then, the cell survival ability was evaluated by XTT method. Results showed that hydrolysates produced from wheat germ protein affected the viability of cells and it depending on the enzyme applied, concentration and time. The results of IC50 were evaluated for A549 cells in the case of Pepsin, Alcalase and Proteinase K hydrolysates at 72 h, 11.17 mg/mL, 12.94 mg/mL and 11.27 mg/mL. These results showed that wheat germ protein hydrolysates would be used as new source of anticancer peptides and could be a replace for common cancer therapy drugs in the near future.