Analysis of mathematical problem-solving skills viewed from initial ability and gender differences in an elementary school

Abstract

This study aims to describe the mathematical problem solving skills of students based on gender. This research is a descriptive qualitative study. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. The subjects of this study were fifth grade students of SDN Sinduadi 1 Sleman Yogyakarta in the academic year 2018/2019. The technique of collecting data used are testing and interview methods to get data about the process of making information done by students in solving mathematical problems. The instruments used to collect data are solving test and interview guidelines. The results of this study indicate male and female students who have low initial mathematical ability have not been able to apply mathematical problem solving with Polya steps. Those students are include in very poor category. Where Polya steps are 1) understanding the problem, 2) plan problem solving, 3) solve the problem according to the plan, and 4) re-checking. Therefore, special learning strategies and habituation are needed for students to solve the problem completely. In conclusion there are differences between male and female in problem solving but not so significantly.