Analisis Tindakan Pencegahan Strok pada Penderita Hipertensi

Abstract

Salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan di Indonesia adalah penyakit hipertensi yang dapat mengakibatkan komplikasi berbahaya seperti strok. Penderita strok sering mengalami kematian atau kecacatan sehingga perlu dicegah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tindakan pencegahan strok pada penderita hipertensi. Jenis penelitian adalah desain cross-sectional dengan sampel penderita hipertensi yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Cipayung sebanyak 107 orang. Penelitian  dilakukan pada bulan Mei – September 2024. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat (uji kai kuadrat), dan multivariat (uji regresi logistik). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sebagian besar responden memiliki tindakan pencegahan strok yang baik (70,1%). Variabel yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan tindakan pencegahan strok, yaitu pendidikan (p=0,049; OR=2,603), pengetahuan (p=0,0001; OR=16,611), sumber informasi (p=0,033; OR=5,455), dukungan keluarga (p=0,001; OR = 5,455), dan dukungan petugas (p=0,047; OR=2,737). Umur (p=0,813), jenis kelamin (p= 0,720) dan sikap (p=0,115) tidak berhubungan secara statistik.  Faktor dominan ditemukan pada variabel pengetahuan (OR=14,788), artinya penderita hipertensi yang berpengetahuan tinggi akan berpeluang melakukan tindakan pencegahan strok sebesar 14,788 kali lebih baik dibandingkan dengan penderita hipertensi yang berpengetahuan rendah setelah dikontrol oleh dukungan keluarga dan dukungan petugas. Puskesmas sebagai fasilitas pelayanan primer agar dapat menjalankan berbagai program kesehatan yang mendukung upaya pencegahan penyakit tidak menular misalnya penyuluhan, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dan pemeriksaan kesehatan.One of the non-communicable diseases that has become a major health problem in Indonesia is hypertension which can lead to dangerous complications such as stroke. Stroke patients often experience death and may also suffer from disability, so the preventions are urgently required. The purpose of this study was to identify stroke prevention practices among patients with hypertension. This research employed a cross-sectional design with a sample of 107 hypertension patients visiting the Cipayung Health Centre. The study was conducted from May to September 2024. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analysed through univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariate (logistic regression test) analysis. Based on the research findings, most respondents had good stroke prevention practices (70.1%). The variables that showed a significant association with stroke prevention practices were education (p=0.049; OR=2.603), knowledge (p=0.0001; OR=16.611), sources of information (p=0.033; OR=5.455), family support (p=0.001; OR=5.455), and support from health workers (p=0.047; OR=2.737). Age (p=0.813), gender (p=0.720), and attitude (p=0.115) were not statistically associated. The dominant factor was knowledge (OR=14.788), meaning that hypertensive patients with high knowledge were 14.788 times more likely to engage in stroke prevention practices compared to those with low knowledge, after controlling for family support and health worker support. Community health centers as primary healthcare facilities should implement various health programs that support efforts of non-communicable diseases preventions, such as health education, community service activities, and medical check-ups.