Effect type of solvent for extraction binahong leaves (Anrederacordifolia (ten.) steenis) on saponin levels by gravimetric method

Abstract

Secondary metabolites, also known as phytochemicals, natural products or plant constituents are responsible for medicinal properties of plants. The Secondary metabolite compounds contained in binahong leaves were steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols and tannins. The purpose of this research was for determine the content of saponin compounds in binahong leaves extract by gravimetric method with differents type of solvent. Binahong leaves made into simplicia and extracted using 3 types of solvents: 70% ethanol, 95% ethanol and methanol. The extraction was performed in reflux. The extract fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol solvent, respectively. The levels of saponin in fraction n-butanol determined by gravimetric methods. The results showed that the type of solvent had an effect on the levels of isolated saponins. The methanol solvent produced the highest saponins in 54.30%, 95% ethanol in 35.84% and 70% ethanol in 25.91%, respectively.