Imported mucosal leishmaniasis in a traveler

Abstract

We report a case of mucosal leishmaniasis in a traveler returning from South America. The traveler developed nasal symptoms 2 months after the appearance of cutaneous ulcers. Diagnosis of mucosal Leishmania viannia braziliensis infection was made 5 years later. The clinical presentation and diagnosis for the patient are reported, and previous cases in travelers are reviewed. We recommend that mucosal examination should be part of follow-up for L. viannia braziliensis infection in travelers. Mucosal leishmaniasis should be part of the differential diagnosis of mucosal lesions in patients with a history of travel to South America, however remote the likelihood of infection.