Krim Astaxanthin Mencegah Peningkatan Melanin Kulit Marmut (Cavia porcellus) yang Dipapar Sinar Ultraviolet B

Abstract

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan efek pemberian krim astaxanthin 0,02% mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin kulit marmut (Cavia porcellus) yang dipapar sinar UVB dengan efektivitas yang sama dengan krim hidrokuinon 4%. ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan metode post test only control group design. Tiga puluh ekor marmut (Cavia Porcellus) jantan dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok dengan jumlah sampel 10 ekor tiap kelompok. Kelompok 1 yaitu kelompok kontrol, diberi paparan sinar UVB dan diolesi krim dasar. Kelompok 2 diberi paparan sinar UVB dan krim hidrokuinon 4%. Kelompok 3 diberi paparan sinar UVB dan krim astaxanthin 0,02%. Dosis total UVB yaitu 390 mJ/cm2 yang diberikan selama 2 minggu. Pemeriksaan histopatologis jaringan kulit dengan pewarnaan Masson-Fontana. Jumlah melanin dihitung dengan persentase pixel luas area melanin dibandingkan dengan pixel seluruh jaringan epidermis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah melanin paling tinggi terdapat pada kelompok 1 sebesar 27,55 ±3,63%. Jumlah melanin paling rendah terdapat pada kelompok 2 sebesar 0,90±0,26%, sedangkan jumlah melanin pada kelompok 3 sebesar 1,09±0,40%. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok 1 dengan kelompok 2 dan 3 (p<0,05). Perbandingan antara kelompok 2 dan 3 tidak berbeda bermakna dalam mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin (p>0,05). Simpulan: krim astaxanthin 0,02% dapat mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin kulit marmut yang dipapar sinar UVB dengan efektivitas yang sama dengan krim hidrokuinon 4%.Kata kunci: krim astaxanthin, melanin, ultraviolet B, marmut.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research was to prove the effect of administration of 0.02% astaxanthin cream prevented the increase of skin melanin in guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) exposed to UVB as effective as 4% hydroquinone cream. This study was an experimental research using randomized post test only group design. A total of thirty guinea pigs (Cavia Porcelus) used in this study were divided into 3 groups consisted of 10 male guinea pigs in each group. Group 1 as a control group was treated by UVB exposure and basic cream. Group 2 was treated by UVB and 4% hydroquinone cream. Group 3 was treated by UVB and 0.02% astaxanthin cream. Total 390 mJ/cm2 ultraviolet B dosage was given for 2 weeks. The amount of melanin was examined by histopatological method with Masson-Fontana staining, counting the melanin area by black color. The amount of melanin was calculated by the percentage of the pixels area of melanin and was compared with the pixels of all the epidermal tissues. The results showed that the highest number of melanin was in the group 1 (27.55 ±3.63%).The lowest number of melanin was in group 2 (0.90±0.26%). The amount of melanin in group 3 was 1.09±0.40 % .There was significant difference within group1 compared with group 2 and 3 (p<0.05). There was no significant difference within group 2 compared with group 3 (p>0.05). Conclusion: The administration of 0.02% astaxanthin cream prevented the increase of melanin in guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) exposed to UVB with the same effectiveness with 4% hydroquinone cream.Keywords: astaxanthin cream, melanin, ultraviolet B, guinea pigs.