Sleep characteristics in patients with tramadol dependence

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the fact that tramadol is commonly assumed as a therapeutic medication, it has the potential to create addiction, especially when taken for extended durations and in high dosages. In Egypt, tramadol misuse has recently get to be a severe health issue. Tramadol and other opioids, have a clinically known influence on sleep. However, just a few studies have evaluated the influence of tramadol addiction on sleep. Objectives: 1). Tcomparing the sleep architecture of Tramadol-dependent patients to that of normal controls; 2).To find out what variables are connected with Tramadol misuse and alterations in sleep architecture. Methodology: The research was a case-control, comparison study that was conducted on a convenient sample of male Egyptian Tramadol addicts. The study includes 40 patients who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for tramadol addiction and were recruited from the inpatient addiction department at Cairo University's Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine Hospital, that were evaluated by comparing to a control group of 20 matched controls. The Addiction Severity Index (ASI), the Sleep Disorder Questionnaire (SDQ), and an overnight attended polysomnographic study (PSG) were administered to the participants.