Influence of Hap incorporation and Β-TCP in the wollastonite/brushite bone cement

Abstract

The high number of patients with health problems due to bone diseases or trauma has promoted the develop-ment of biomaterial research to ensure a better quality of life. Among the various biomaterials, polymeric (PMMA) or ceramic bone cements (phosphates and calcium silicates) stands out for such application. In view of the above, the objective of the research was to evaluate the incorporation of calcium phosphates (Β-TCP (sample 1-A1) and hydroxyapatite-HAp (sample 2-A2) in the proportion of 2% (m/m) for the formation of calcium sili-cate bone cement (wollastonite / brushite) by the method of dissolution/precipitation. The powder mixture (wol-lastonite) was homogenized, subsequently a solution of phosphoric acid added to form the bone cement were placed in a teflon mold based on the ISO 5833 ABNT NBR standard, and finally left at 25°C for 24 hours ob-taining the specimens. XRD analysis of the samples indicated the presence of the crystalline phases of calcium phosphate (Β-TCP and HAp) and calcium silicate (wollastonite and Brushite). The MEV images showed parti-cle size wollastonite/brushite/HAp/Β-TCP. A granulometric analysis was carried out from the micrographs, where it was observed that the incorporation of the phosphates influenced the agglomeration of the particle sizes when compared to the pure bone cement. The compression test indicates that the incorporation of the phos-phates improves the compressive strength, due to the reduction of the particles which causes a greater compres-sion. It is concluded that A2 with the incorporation of HAp this improvement of mechanical resistance was more intense in relation to A1, however the two samples had significant improvements in relation to calcium silicate bone cement.