The charles bonnet syndrome and the problem of visual perceptual disorders in the elderly

Abstract

A review is presented here of the classical and recent literature on perception disorders in the elderly. The author contests the usefulness of the concept of the Charles Bonnet syndrome, a category first proposed to describe visual hallucinations in elderly persons in the absence of cognitive damage or peripheral ophthalmopathy. This objection is brought up mainly because the concept has been progressively broadened. We describe here three representative cases of elderly patients who developed different types of disorders in visual perception. Systematic studies are now needed on the frequency of such disorders in the elderly and on the question as to what other pathologies, especially of the cognitive and visual type, may be associated with them.