A Flower Shaped Miniaturized 4 × 4 MIMO Antenna for UWB Applications Using Characteristic Mode Analysis

Abstract

A novel design of a 4 × 4 miniaturized UWB-MIMO (multiple-input, multiple-output) antenna with isolation improvement is proposed in this paper. The designing procedure of a flowershaped MIMO antenna is done using characteristic mode analysis (CMA). The flower-shaped UWBMIMO antenna is made up of four symmetrical flower-shaped radiating elements that are isolated using an orthogonal method. The flower antenna’s dimensions are 40×40×1.6 mm3 (0.44λ0×0.44λ0×0.017λ0). A flower-shaped radiator is used to get good the isolation in MIMO elements. Further isolation is enhanced by inserting a swastik-shaped stub on the ground to get return losses of S11 < −10 dB and isolation of S12