Improvement of ruminal feed fermentation by addition of eucalyptus based mix essential oil

Abstract

In vitro fermentation methodology was used in this research to explore the effect of mix essential oil (MEO) of eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra (L.) and pine (Pinus merkusii (Jungh. and de Vriese), in ratio 3:1, on feed digestibility and parameter of ruminal feed fermentation. Mix essential oil was added and mix with feed particle to meet the end concentration of 100 μl/L of fermentation media. Incubation was done at 39°C for 24 h. Upon finished the incubation, gas produced were sampled for methane analysis. Residual feed was collected by filtration and then ben analysed the dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) content for calculation of DM and OM digestibility. Meanwhile filtrate also collected for determination of pH, ammonia, protozoa number and microbial protein synthesis. Data analysis showed MEO addition did not affect pH, ammonia concentration, DM and OM digestibility. Addition of MEO reduced methane production 24.62% (P<0.05), and increased microbial protein synthesis (P<0.05) from 133.89 mg/L to 189.66. Otherwise, protozoa number in MEO treatment was lower compared to control (P<0.05). In conclusion, mix essential oil of eucalyptus and pine essential oil up to level 100μl/L could be used as feed additive to improve the fermentation of feed in the rumen.