Effects of Light on the Skin

  • Imagawa K
  • Miyasaka M
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Abstract

要 旨 自然科学において,光は電磁波の一種と位置付けられ,紫外線,可視光線,赤外線が含まれる.光が物質に吸収され て起こる反応には,光化学作用と光熱作用がある.紫外線は光化学作用,可視光線・赤外線は主に光熱作用を起こす. 皮膚に与える影響として,紫外線は細胞障害による皮膚癌,光老化の原因となるので,過度の紫外線暴露は避けるべき と考えられている.一方で光は様々な皮膚疾患の治療に応用されている.光化学作用を利用した治療には紫外線療法, 光線力学療法があり,異常細胞のDNA破壊,アポトーシスの誘導が主な作用機序である.光熱作用を利用した治療に は可視光線・赤外線領域の波長のレーザー,光線治療器がある.波長の種類,照射の強度により目的は様々であるが, 標的組織の破壊や温熱作用による細胞の活性化などに利用される.光は波長の違いにより深達度,吸収される物質が異 なる.光を用いた治療を安全にかつ効果的に行うには,これらの点を踏まえて治療機器を選択することになる.そのた めには,基本的な皮膚構造の理解と,正確な診断をすることが必要不可欠である. キーワード:紫外線,可視光線,赤外線,光老化,レーザー Abstract In natural science, the light which includes ultraviolet rays, visible rays, and infrared rays, is considered as one of the electromagnetic waves. The reaction of the light is differentiated photochemical reaction and photothermal reaction. In general, photochemical reaction is induced by ultraviolet rays, and photothermal reaction is induced by visible rays or infrared rays. As for the influence to the skin, ultraviolet rays are considered as cytotoxic, which may cause skin cancer and photoaging, so that immoderate exposure to ultraviolet rays should be avoided. On the other hand, the light is applied as the treatment of the skin diseases. The treatments using photochemical reaction such as ultraviolet light therapy and photodynamic therapy depend on the DNA destruction of abnormal cells and induction of apoptosis. As for the treatments using photothermal reaction, various lasers and light sources of visible and infrared wavelength are commonly used. They are utilized for destructing the target tissue, activating the cell by thermal effect and so on. Depending on the each individual wavelength, light absurption depth and the target tissues are different. In the treatment, we should select the most suitable lasers or light sources, therefore understanding of the skin suructure and making the accurate diagnosis are required.

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APA

Imagawa, K., & Miyasaka, M. (2012). Effects of Light on the Skin. Nippon Laser Igakkaishi, 32(4), 444–451. https://doi.org/10.2530/jslsm.32.444

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