Predicted Spatial Patterns of Suitable Habitats for Troides aeacus Under Different Climate Scenarios

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine how the future distribution of Troides aeacus, a butterfly species, may be affected by climate change under different scenarios. It was found that temperature and precipitation are the main factors influencing its suitable habitat. By the 2050s and 2090s, both low and highly suitable areas are expected to expand, particularly under severe warming conditions (SSP5-8.5), while moderately suitable areas are likely to shrink. This shift could result in potential risks, such as habitat loss, increased competition, and local population declines. To ensure the species’ survival, conservation strategies should be focused on protecting optimal habitats and effectively managing marginal areas.