Role of Debriefing in Trauma Simulation Training to Improve Trauma Team Performance in Emergency Department

Abstract

Incorporating trauma simulation training into team-based learning is crucial for enhancing trauma case management services. Debriefing is an effective intervention that improves the quality of teamwork and accelerates patient care completion. This study aimed to identify the impact of debriefing on trauma team performance during simulation-based training. The research was conducted as a quasi-experimental study with two groups of interprofessional medical staff in the Emergency Room at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (RSCM), Jakarta, using a pre- and post-test design. The participants were divided into control and intervention groups, distinguished by a debriefing process after the trauma simulation training. Trauma team performance was assessed before and after debriefing using a modified global rating scale (GRS) specific to trauma cases. The GRS scores in the first simulation were equal between the intervention and control groups (median scores: 37 and 34, respectively). In the second simulation, the intervention group showed a higher and statistically significant GRS score (p < 0.001) than the control group (median scores of 47 and 41, respectively). These results show that debriefing played a role in improving the performance of teams in trauma simulation training. This positive outcome was attributed to the effective use of the STOP5 debriefing form, which has been previously shown to improve team cohesion, patient service quality, and patient safety.