Fetal cholelithiasis: A diagnostic update and a literature review

Abstract

Fetal gallstones and cholelithiasis, detected by routine third trimester ultrasound, have been described in the literature with controversial clinical signifcance. We report a case of fetal cholelithiasis detected at 35 weeks gestation during a routine scan. The diagnosis was performed using an integrated 2-dimensional (2-D) and 3-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound approach in order to obtain a better defnition of the fetal gallbladder and its content. A neonatal follow-up was achieved. The present study has a twofold purpose: frstly, to update the diagnostic approach using the innovative 3-D modalities and secondly, to review the management of this condition during fetal and postnatal life. © the author(s), publisher and licensee Libertas Academica Ltd.