Assessment of Voltage Fluctuations for Battery Storage Systems Providing Frequency Response Services †

Abstract

This paper investigates voltage fluctuations caused by the operation of battery energy storage (BES) units which provide frequency response (FR) and fast frequency response (FFR) services using a test network based on a typical part of the United Kingdom (UK) mainland system. This paper provides an overview of current FR/FFR services currently used in the UK, and a summary of their typical modes of operation. Using DIgSILENT Powerfactory, the paper introduces a simple frequency disturbance generator to mimic typical frequency disturbances that would occur in the UK network, and then subsequently uses a representative test distribution network to show how voltage disturbances associated with BES units can develop across the electrical network. The paper provides a contribution to knowledge by creating a systematic approach for assessing voltage disturbance and flicker concerns for BES units on island networks, using a simple control algorithm and novel frequency disturbance generator.