Self-reported Dermatological Manifestations, Perceived Stress, and Body Image of Young Adults During the Greek Lockdown Caused by the COVID-19 Outbreak

Abstract

The aim of the study is to explore the perceived impact of social distancing measures due to COVID-19 on the manifestation of skin disorders and symptoms and their association with perceived stress and body image. For the purposes of this article, quantitative-driven mixed methods are used: the Greek versions of “Perceived Stress Scale” (Andreou et al., International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 8:3287–3298, 2011) to measure the stress levels among population, and “Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales” (Argyrides and Kkeli, Psychological Reports 113:885–897, 2013) to examine body image satisfaction and assessment, along with open-ended questions are used. Questionnaires were distributed during the period of social distancing measures and 3 weeks following lockdown. Two hundred and fifty-three (N = 253) participants completed the survey: a control group of 164 participants without dermatological manifestations and a study group (N = 89) with dermatological manifestations. Statistical analysis shows that adults with acne have a higher sense of self-efficacy in managing stressful situations than participants who have other skin disorders. Gender differences are observed as far as the perceived appearance is concerned. Thematic content analysis (Braun and Clarke, Qualitative Research in Psychology 3:77–101, 2006) shows that adults with skin symptoms associate their symptoms exacerbation with intrapersonal dimensions, such as stress and fear and environmental factors. The presence of skin disease is not necessarily associated with body satisfaction, body image, and cutaneous body image, although positively correlated with stress. The results are discussed and future recommendations are proposed.