Late Onset Hypogonadism, Testosterone Replacement Therapy, and Sexual Health in Elderly Men

Abstract

Testosterone levels tend to decline with advancing age in older men. Some develop symptomatic changes consistent with late onset hypogonadism. Alterations in hormone concentration can have negative impacts on multiple organ systems and physiological processes. This paper focuses on implications for sexual health in elderly men, including changes in libido, erectile function, and sexual performance. Associated concepts in cardiovascular health, cognition and mental health are reviewed. Changes in sexual function have been recognized as early indicators of underlying comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, depression, and frailty. New research developments on pathophysiology and hormone replacement therapy are highlighted. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.