Tratamientos psicológicos

Abstract

The treatment of alcoholism has an important psychosocial component, whose essential nucleus is constituted by the psychological treatments. The psychological approach must, in the first place, take into consideration the motivation of the patient, and motivational approaches structured as brief motivational interventions, motivational interviews and improved motivational therapies are reviewed from this perspective. Treatment has also been developed from the cognitive-behavioural models, focused on improvement in confrontation abilities, on promoting social abilities and on the prevention of relapses. In addition, interventions have been designed from classical conditioning moders, based on exposure to stimuli. Group therapy appears as one of the available treatments, with the existence of models of professional intervention in our country that go beyond self-help groups. Lastly, there is a special emphasis on the importance of the family in the treatment of alcoholism and the Community Reinforcement Model (CRM) is presented as an integrator approach.