Ecosystem of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria: Potentials and Threats

Abstract

The Niger Delta region has several ecosystems that play essential role for the sustenance of the different habitats and life forms in the area. Some of the notable ecosystem includes freshwater swamp forest, lowland rainforest, mangroves forest etc. In recent time, the rate of deforestation, excessive hunting of wildlife, bush burning, and intensive agricultural practices has increased in the region. This study reviews the potentials and threats of Niger Delta ecosystem region of Nigeria. The study found that the rate of deforestation and other human activities in the area is having an impact on the various ecosystems in the Niger Delta. These impacts could be affecting biodiversity of the area including mammals, reptiles, amphibians, birds, etc with regard to species diversity and population status. Furthermore, other role played by the various ecosystem including source of medicinal plants, spawning ground for fisheries, breeding and nestling ground for migratory birds, shoreline protection, habitats for wildlife, among others are under intense threat. Therefore, there is the need for improved enforcement, surveillance of the various the international and national legislations concerning biodiversity conservation and protection.