Systematic Review of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System Implementation in Organizations: Challenges and Successes to Company Performance

Abstract

The implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems has become an essential component for many modern organisations in managing company resources more efficiently. ERP is designed to integrate various business functions, such as finance, production, marketing, and human resources, into one centralised platform. Although many organisations successfully implement ERP, the implementation process often faces significant challenges. This study aims to provide a systematic review of ERP implementations, including frequent obstacles, critical success factors, and their impact on organisational performance. The study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Reporting Guidelines, by analysing relevant articles from Scopus-indexed international journals published between 2022 to 2024. The results show that successful ERP implementation is highly dependent on organisational readiness, support from top management, adequate user training, as well as proper vendor selection. However, the main challenges often faced include resistance to change, high implementation costs, and difficulties in data integration. This research is expected to serve as a guide for organisations that are considering or carrying out ERP implementation to minimise risks while maximising the benefits that can be obtained.