A High Light on Lumpy Skin Disease in Iraq and The Middle East: A Review Article

Abstract

Lumpy skin disease is an infectious, eruptive disease that affected the different animal species, especially cattle. The causing virus is a member of the poxviridae family with Neethling strain. Transmission of the disease occurs by insect vectors and the most effective mean of control is by vaccination. The disease characterized by viremia, nodules on the skin, sit-fast formation, weight loss, emaciation, and reduction in milk and meat production. During the past five years, lumpy skin disease has spread through the Middle East into the southeast, Europe, Russia, western Asia, and the Caucasus, nowadays LSD causing high morbidity and mortality rate in different epizootic sides; the morbidity and mortality of LSD range between 3-85 and 1-40 % this is due to genetic differences in lives stock resulting in varying susceptibility to the disease.