Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Organic Versus Conventional Farming

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic relationships with plant roots, enhancing nutrient uptake and promoting plant growth. This chapter discusses various factors that influence AM fungal populations under different farming systems. These factors include soil management routines such as tillage intensity, pesticide usage, fertilizer application, and crop rotation strategies. The aim is to compare the effects of organic farming practices that prioritizes sustainable approaches with those employed in conventional agriculture. The chapter looks at how organic farming methods differ from conventional farming in terms of AM fungal communities, diversity, and functionality. It describes practical strategies for improving mycorrhizal associations through inoculation techniques or by implementing specific agronomic practices that promote a favorable environment for these beneficial microorganisms. Overall, this chapter illuminates the role of AMF in influencing soil health and plant productivity across various agricultural approaches. It emphasizes the importance of taking these symbiotic relationships into account when designing sustainable farming systems that maximize yields while minimizing environmental impacts.