PROTOCOL: Community‐oriented policing to reduce crime, disorder, and fear and improve legitimacy and satisfaction with police: a systematic review

Abstract

The objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the extant empirical evidence (published and unpublished) on the effectiveness of the various strategies and policies collectively termed “community-oriented policing.” Specifically, this review seeks to answer the following questions: 1. To what extent do community-oriented policing strategies reduce crime, disorder, and residents’ fear of crime in the target neighborhoods? 2. To what extent do community-oriented policing strategies improve citizen engagement and satisfaction, perceived legitimacy of the police, and cooperation between neighborhood residents and the police? 3. Do the effects of community-oriented policing vary according to the particular strategy/combination of strategies used? 4. Do the effects of community-oriented policing vary by crime type or neighborhood characteristics?